目的 探讨转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）在大鼠腹膜间皮细胞（RPMC）中的促炎作用及机制。 方法 用TGF-β1（10 μg/L）刺激体外培养的RPMC，观察其对RPMC中单核细胞趋化蛋白1（MCP-1）表达的影响。体外转染Smad7和pcDNA3空载体至RPMC后，观察 TGF-β1（10 μg/L）对RPMC MCP-1和p38表达的影响。用p38抑制剂SB203580（10 μmol/L）预处理RPMC后，加入TGF-β1（10 μg/L），观察阻断p38信号通路对MCP-1表达的影响。 结果RT-PCR结果显示，3 h、6 h、12 h、24 h TGF-β1刺激组腹膜间皮细胞MCP-1表达均显著高于0 h对照组（P < 0.05），6 h刺激组MCP-1表达达高峰（P < 0.01）。ELISA结果显示，6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h TGF-β1刺激组MCP-1表达增多（P < 0.05），48 h表达达高峰（P < 0.01）。上调表达Smad7和p38抑制剂SB203580都能明显抑制TGF-β1刺激RPMC产生和分泌MCP-1的作用，与pcDNA3空载体组比较，Smad7治疗组MCP-1的表达显著下调（P < 0.05）；与TGF-β1刺激组比较，SB203580治疗组MCP-1的表达显著下调（P < 0.01）。TGF-β1能活化p38磷酸化的过程，上调Smad7可抑制TGF-β1对它们的激活反应；与正常对照组比较，TGF-β1刺激组磷酸化（p）-p38的表达显著上调（P < 0.05）；与TGF-β1刺激组比较，Smad7治疗组p-p38的表达显著下调（P < 0.05）。 结论 TGF-β1能促进RPMC MCP-1的表达，其促炎作用可能是通过激活p38MAPK信号通路介导的。

Objective To investigate the pro-inflammatory effect of transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1) in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells(RPMCs) and its machanism. Methods TGF-β1-induced RPMCs model in vitro was established, and the expression of MCP-1 in the TGF-β1-induced RPMCs was observed. The intervention of Smad7 on the expression of MCP-1 and p38 signal proteins induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs was explored as well as the intervention of p38 inhibitor SB203580 on the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1 in RPMCs. Results TGF-β1 could stimulate MCP-1 expression in RPMCs. Compared with control group, MCP-1 mRNA levels were significantly increased after 3 h treatment with TGF- β1（P<0.05）, peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 6 h（P<0.01）, and the stimulatory effect of TGF- β1 persisted through 24 h（P<0.05）. MCP-1 protein levels were significantly increased after 6 h treatment with TGF- β1（P<0.05）, peak MCP-1 induction occurred at 48 h（P<0.01）. Over-expressed Smad7 and p38 inhibitor could reduce the expression of MCP-1 induced by TGF-β1（P<0.05）. TGF-β1 could activate p38 signaling pathway, but over-expressed Smad7 could inhibit this role of TGF-β1. Compared with control group, the expression level of p-p38 was increased in TGF-β1-stimulated group. Compared with TGF-β1-stimulated group, the expression level of p-p38 was reduced in Smad7 gene transfer group. Conclusions TGF-β1-induced MCP-1 expression in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells is p38MAPK dependent.