目的 探讨红细胞生成素（EPO）对高糖诱导下的肾小管上皮细胞转分化的影响。 方法 体外培养人肾小管上皮细胞株（HK-2细胞），分为正常对照组、渗透浓度对照组、高糖组、高糖＋EPO（5 U/ml）组和高糖＋EPO（10 U/ml）组。RT-PCR法检测各组细胞α平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）、转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）、Smads信号蛋白2（Smad2）及整合素连接激酶（ILK）的mRNA表达。细胞免疫荧光法检测细胞TGF-β1及α-SMA的蛋白表达。 结果 RT-PCR结果显示，相对于对照组，高糖组细胞α-SMA、TGF-β1、Smad2、ILK的mRNA表达均显著上调（P ＜ 0.01）。细胞免疫化学也显示，高糖组TGF-β1和α-SMA的蛋白表达较对照组显著上调（P ＜ 0.01），而高糖＋EPO（5 U/ml）组和高糖＋EPO（10 U/ml）组上述指标的表达均显著低于高糖组（均P ＜ 0.01）。 结论 EPO能抑制高糖诱导的肾小管上皮细胞转分化，可能与其抑制TGF-β1、Smad2及ILK表达有关。

Objective To investigate the protective effect of erythropoietin(EPO) on human renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT） induced by high glucose. Methods Cultured HK-2 cells were divided into 5 groups: normal control group, osmolarity control group, high glucose group, high glucose with EPO（5 U/ml）group and high glucose with EPO（10 U/ml）group. The mRNA expression of α-SMA, TGF-β1, Smad2, ILK of cells were measured by RT-PCR. The levels of intracellular α-SMA and TGF-β1 protein were measured by immunocytochemistry. Results Compared with the control groups, mRNA expression of α-SMA, TGF-β1, Smad2, ILK and protein expression of α-SMA and TGF-β1 were increased after high glucose treatment（P＜0.01）. Compared with the high glucose group, EPO 5 U/ml or EPO 10 U/ml remarkably down-regulated the expression of α-SMA, TGF-β1, Smad2 and ILK（P＜0.01）. Conclusion EPO can inhibit the progression of EMT and the up-regulation of TGF-β1, Smad2 and ILK induced by high glucose.