目的 探讨在转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）诱导下，核因子κB（NF-κB）反义寡核苷酸对体外培养的人肾小管上皮细胞（HK-2）转分化的影响。 方法 采用脂质体介导的方法将NF-κB反义寡核苷酸（AS-ODN）导入细胞，以TGF-β1（10 μg/L）刺激HK-2细胞24 h后，用RT-PCR方法检测细胞中NF-κB mRNA及α平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）mRNA表达，用荧光光谱法分析α-SMA蛋白的表达，并以倒置相差显微镜观察细胞转分化过程的形态变化。 结果 TGF-β1诱导24 h后，HK-2细胞中NF-κB mRNA的表达显著上调，为空白对照组的8倍以上（P < 0.01）。NF-κB反义寡核苷酸导入细胞后，可显著抑制TGF-β1诱导的HK-2细胞的 NF-κB mRNA表达，比TGF-β1组减少75％（P < 0.05），同时，α-SMA mRNA和蛋白表达亦较TGF-β1组均明显下调（P < 0.05）。 结论 NF-κB反义寡核苷酸可抑制TGF-β1诱导肾小管上皮细胞NF-κB的表达，抑制肾小管上皮细胞转分化，可能有利于肾间质纤维化的防治。

Objective To investigate the effects of nuclear factor κB(NF-κB) antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODNs) on transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1)-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human renal tubular epithelial cells. Methods NF-κB AS-ODNs were transferred into the human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2), and the cells were stimulated by 10 μg/L TGF-β1 for 24 hours. The expression of NF-κB mRNA and α-SMA mRNA were measured by RT-PCR. α-SMA protein expression was assessed by fluorescence spectrum. Results TGF-β1 significantly up-regulated the expression of NF-κB mRNA, which was 8 folds of blank control（P<0.01）. TGF-β1-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition was inhibited by NF-κB AS-ODN and the NF-κB mRNA expression of AS-ODNs was decreased by 75％（P<0.05）. The expression of α-SMA mRNA and protein was also down-regulated obviously（P<0.05）. Conclusion NF-κB AS-ODN can inhibit the expression of NF-κB and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which may be a new therapeutic strategy against tubulointerstitial fibrosis.