Objective To investigate the factors associated with hyporesponsiveness to erythropoietin (EPO) in patients on maintenance peritoneal dialysis (PD). Methods Data of 114 PD patients in our PD center were collected. Patients were divided into three groups according to weekly EPO dose: hyperresponsive, hyporesponsive and normal responsive. Various factors were compared among three groups by linear correlation and ordinal regression analysis to predict EPO resistance. Results As compared to hyperresponsive and normal responsive groups, significantly lower serum hemoglobin [(78.11±13.42) vs (106.28±23.83), (96.31±12.33) g/L], albumin [(33.98±4.78) vs (39.72±4.26), (35.76±4.88) g/L], and significantly higher serum CRP [(26.08±21.66) vs (5.46±1.75), (11.82±5.63) mg/L], ferritin [(371.08±89.38) vs (289.39±76.84), (323.07±62.46) μg/L] were found in hyporesponsive group(all P < 0.01). Erythropoietin resistance index (ERI) was correlated with CRP and albumin. Regression analysis showed that serum albumin，CRP and ferritin were strong predictors of EPO hyporespnsiveness. Conclusions Serum albumin, CRP and ferritin are closely related to hyporesponsiveness. Malnutrition and inflammatory state contribute to EPO hyporesponsiveness.