Objective    To investigate the associated factors of 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and its prediction of outcome in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD).    Methods    Stable patients who could tolerant 6MWT in Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine between May 1, 2010 and April 30, 2011 were enrolled in present study. All included subjects performed 6MWT, and 6-minute walk distances (6MWDs) were recorded. Patients were divided into two groups according to the median of 6MWD. The laboratory parameters and echocardiography of patients were also tested. Patients were prospectively followed up till death, cessation of PD or the end of the study. Logistic regression was used to determine the associated factors of 6MWD, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the predicting effect of 6MWD on patients’ outcome.    Results    A total of 145 patients were enrolled. Compared to the patients with long 6MWD, the patients had short 6MWD were older, had lower systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, as well as lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR) (P＜0.01). Higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and low density lipoprotein were noted in short 6MWD group (P＜0.05). Logistic regression showed that older age (OR＝1.040, P＝0.018), lower diastolic blood pressure (OR＝0.948, P＝0.007), lower LVEF (OR＝0.927, P＝0.042) were independent associated factors of shorter 6MWD. By the end of the study, 6 cases (8.3%) died in long 6MWD group while 15 cases (20.5%) in short 6MWD group, a significantly lower patient survival was observed in short 6MWD group (Log-rank＝4.983, P＝0.026). Cardiovascular disease [95% CI (1.098-8.952), P＝0.033] and 6MWD [95%CI(0.104-0.964）, P＝0.043] were independent predictors of patient survival. Patients with long 6MWD showed superior technique survival (Log-rank＝4.838, P＝0.028). There was no significant difference in peritonitis-free survival between two groups. However, more patients in the short 6MWD group had been transferred to hemodialysis due to peritonitis (25.0% vs 4.2%, P＝0.013).    Conclusions    Age, diastolic blood pressure, LVEF are independent associated factors of 6MWD in patients undergoing PD. Having the advantages of easy applicability and safety, 6MWT may be proposed as an important predictor of outcome in PD patients.